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This section of ENGL 231 will concentrate on the avalanche of cultural changes that are produced when seismic shifts in technology have occurred, first during the Industrial Revolution and now in the Digital Revolution. In order to deepen our understanding of the significance of reading and writing to understanding the human experiences associated with these shifts, we will first study the codex novel Middlemarch (published in 1871 but set at the turn of the nineteenth century), before viewing the intermedial adaptations on BBC and YouTube. While the BBC version (1996) is a traditional heritage film, Middlemarch: The Series (2017) was written and directed by an undergraduate student who modernized the hypotext to reflect the digital, global present (for example, by highlighting multi-racial characters and LGBTQ themes). In other words, we will study one nineteenth-century novel as well as a faithful adaptation and a twenty-first revisionary appropriation in order to explore how mechanical and digital technologies have impacted the ways we write about, read, and understand our own subjectivity—personally, racially, politically, and sexually. We will record our thoughts and discoveries along the way by engaging in critical making through multimodal (i.e., alphabet, image, aural, video, and code) writing techniques.

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Middlemarch (the book only)

Timelines, Galleries, and Maps


Beautification Products for both Women and Men | Timeline

The 1700s/1800s, also known as the Victorian Era, was a glorious time period regarding beauty standards and appearance for men and women. Like today, fashion means everything, whether you notice it or not. What you wear on your head, in your hair, on your face, on your body, and on your feet tell those around you who you are. Fashion is a language that is universal and comprehended without…

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Posted by Iliriana Lekani on

Sewing Machine | Timeline

In 1846, Elias Howe developed what is arguably the most innovative piece of fashion technology in the sewing machine. Howe got the idea to create it by eavesdropping on another conversation about how good of an idea it is, but also how difficult it would be to create. Howe's wife helped a lot with the design and testing of the sewin machine, and in the process created this seemingly futuristic…

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Posted by Ryan Platzke on

Steamboats | Timeline

Although that the development of the steamboat may come some time after the book itself is finished, the steamboat was built by Isambard Kingdom Brunel in 1838 and allowed for people to use water as a means of getting from point A to point B. This revolutionized transportation as the steamboat began to do things like crossing the Atlantic Ocean which blew everyone away at the time. The SS…

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Posted by Ryan Platzke on

the first camera and photo | Timeline

The very first photo taken by a camera was between 1830-1840. These images absolutely changed the culture and the way people send information all over the world. For the first time in the world's history, you could see into a moment of time without being there. The rich and royalty were the first to have their photos taken and proved to be much more accurate than paintings. This allowed…

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Posted by Ben Solis on

carriages in the 1800's | Timeline

The main transportation in the 19th century were horses and carriages. Since there weren’t any cars, airplanes, or other transportation they had this. Also, trains were starting up to go too far places from people’s local towns. In England, carrying goods of such sort were carts, drays, vans, and wagons which were for low order people. Carriages were for the high-end people of England. The…

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Posted by Daniel Pineda on

The Development of Asprin | Timeline

The concept of pain relieving medication has been around for many years but the actual manufacturing began in 1899. Ancient Romans and Egyptians used salicylic acid from willow and other plants made into clay tablets. Scientists at Bayer started researching acetylsalicylic acid 1897 to see if they could develop a pain reliever with less side effects than the classic salicylate medicines, and…

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Posted by Caroline Gilmore on

Women of 19th Century | Timeline

During Queen Victoria's reign in the 19th Century, women were still seen as less than men, much like the rest of the world at the time. The main role of the woman during this time was to be at home to take care of the house, and tend to the husband's needs. This is seen as a theme in Middlemarch particularly, as one of the main themes of the book is the significance of marriage in the women's…

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Posted by Darrell Goodwin on

Mail Services | Timeline

Mail services first began with the Colonial Americans asking all kind of people to bring their letters for them. Since this was the begining of something new one can only imagine how messy it was, until the mail drop was made to organize the chaos of sending and recieving letters. In 1707 the British government began running the North American postal services and had a plan to improve the…

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Posted by Destiny Poston on

Victorian Fashion | Timeline

During the victorian fashion and culture in the 1800s was a trend for the British. It started in the United Kingdom and the British Empire throughout the Victorian Era between 1830s-1890's.  During that period, there was a fast change with the style underneath Queen Victoria.  The clothing was made cheap and quick to sell in the market. It was suddenly trending and people were…

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Posted by Daniel Pineda on

Cholera outbreak | Timeline

A major event occurring during Queen Victoria’s reign that could affect how the reader views the novel was the cholera outbreak in England which lasted from 1846-1860. A large part of the issue in controlling the spread in England at the time was misunderstanding and misinformation, particularly pertaining to how the disease spread. To many, it was actually believed that the disease…

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Posted by Darrell Goodwin on

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