Industrialization during the 19th century led to increased child labor, especially within the mines and factories, where children were taken advantage of within the workplace.  Research shows that the average age of child workers was between 8-10. Many people within society began to speak against this, including Charles Dickens and other authors during this time. This eventually led to campaigns against child labor where two pieces of legislation were eventually signed and passed- The Factory Act of 1833 and The Mines Act of 1842. The Factory Act made it illegal to employ children younger than nine years old and limited the hours that children between 9- 13 could work. The Mines Act raised the age that a child could work in the mines to 10 years old. 

Griffin, Emma. “Child Labour.” The British Library, The British Library, 7 May 2014, www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/child-labour.