On 3 January 1884, publication in Nature of Gerard Manley Hopkins’s letter describing the Krakatoa afterglows. Image: Photograph of Gerard Manley Hopkins. This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired.

Hopkins’s letter analyzes the difference between normal sunsets and the recent sunsets affected by particulates from Krakatoa in the upper atmosphere, and he vividly describes the sky’s changing coloration the evening of December 16, 1883.

Articles

Monique R. Morgan, “The Eruption of Krakatoa (also known as Krakatau) in 1883″