Catholic Emancipation Act
After the Reformation in England, Roman Catholics were denied many rights that those in other religions enjoyed. They were not able to purchase land, inheret property, or practice their religion freely. In Ireland, Roman Catholics couldn't vote in their local elections, and could have their land taken by a Protestant relative if they so choosed. They were completely at mercy to the Church of England. Over time, beginning in 1778, Roman Catholics were finally being given back their rights, one small step at a time. In 1829 the Catholic Emancipation Act was passed which allowed Roman Catholics to hold public office out of fear of a rebellion growing in Ireland. By 1871 members were finally allowed to attend universities, and the Emancipation Act was finally realized.
Sources:
https://www.princeton.edu/~graphicarts/2011/03/the_mountain_in_labour.html