This essay by feminist author Sarah Grand is central to defining the new woman as an intellectual, independent woman who holds a place above men, which she calls the Bawling Brotherhood. She further addresses ways that men have limited and suppressed women's education and rebuts the idea that women are becoming more manly, instead claiming that men are becoming more effeminate. This statement once again brings fluctuating masculinity and effeminacy into the conversation around the New Woman. 

Grand, Sarah. “The New Aspect of the Woman Question.” The North American Review. Vol. 158, No. 448. March  1894. p. 270-276.