Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest by area in the world. Its capital is Brasilia, though is most populous city is Sao Paulo. Its official language is Portuguese. Brazil is home to the Amazon Rain Forest. The Portuguese colonized the region in 1500, a time when there were an estimated 7 million indigenous people living there. Brazil achieved independence in 1822. Currently, Brazil is one of the world’s largest producers of coffee, and it hosted the 2016 Summer Olympic Games.