Bukhara (formerly “Bokhara”) is a city in Uzbekistan. Bukhara has a long cultural history. It was located on the Silk Road, an ancient route of trading between the East and the West, and features many architectural monuments, mosques, and madrasas. The historical center of Bukhara is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Bukhara was the last capital of the Emirate of Bukhara, and it was besieged during the Russian Civil War.