Cinnamon Hill Great House

Though construction began in 1734, the Cinnamon Hill great house, located in Jamaica's St. James Parish, wasn't completed until half a century later in 1784. Located on the hill behind the Cinnamon Hill sugar works, the house was built to stand against the dual threats of insurrection and hurricanes, its structure featuring an ocean-facing concrete butress called a "cutwind" that not only protected the house against the intense winds of the stormy season but included holes through which muskets could be shot. Economically associated with the Barrett family's Cornwall estate, Cinnamon Hill is consistently noted as producing sugar, rum, coffee, and pimento, with the occasional inclusion of cattle and land rental, and the precise number of enslaved people on the estate varies, with some years as low as 230 or as high as 573. Like Greenwood Great House and Barrett Hall, Cinnamon Hill was spared during the Baptist War. It passed out of Barrett family ownership in 1887, having been bought by landowner George Robertson, and was subsequently occupied by several families throughout the 20th century, including American country singer Johnny Cash and his wife, who lived there until his death in 2003.

Cinnamon Hill Great House, present day.
Cinnamon Hill Great House

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Coordinates

Latitude: 18.518305000000
Longitude: -77.813166200000

Timeline of Events Associated with Cinnamon Hill Great House

The Baptist War

25 Dec 1831 to 5 Jan 1832

Lasting from Christmas day in 1831 until its eventual suppression on January 5, 1832, the Great Jamaican Slave Revolt was led by Black Baptist preacher Sam Sharpe. The uprising began as a strike centered on demands for increased wages but became violent on December 27th with the burning of the Kensington Estate in Montego Bay. Despite a crucial victory early on due to stockpiled weapons and ammunition, the enslaved workers' cause was weakened when martial law was enacted on December 31st, and the forces surrendered entirely by January 5th. The uprising became one of the largest in the West Indies, involving nearly 60,000 members (or 20%) of the island's enslaved population. By the end of the fight, rebel forces had set fire to over 100 properties. There were no deaths on the side of the colonial military and over 500 on that of the enslaved Jamaicans--207 killed during the revolt and another 310 to 340, including Sharpe, executed afterward. Despite the defeat of the enslaved population, the revolt played a crucial role in furthering abolitionist causes across the British Empire, as seen in the passage of the Slavery Abolition Act in August of the following year.

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Date Event Manage
25 Dec 1831 to 5 Jan 1832

The Baptist War

Lasting from Christmas day in 1831 until its eventual suppression on January 5, 1832, the Great Jamaican Slave Revolt was led by Black Baptist preacher Sam Sharpe. The uprising began as a strike centered on demands for increased wages but became violent on December 27th with the burning of the Kensington Estate in Montego Bay. Despite a crucial victory early on due to stockpiled weapons and ammunition, the enslaved workers' cause was weakened when martial law was enacted on December 31st, and the forces surrendered entirely by January 5th. The uprising became one of the largest in the West Indies, involving nearly 60,000 members (or 20%) of the island's enslaved population. By the end of the fight, rebel forces had set fire to over 100 properties. There were no deaths on the side of the colonial military and over 500 on that of the enslaved Jamaicans--207 killed during the revolt and another 310 to 340, including Sharpe, executed afterward. Despite the defeat of the enslaved population, the revolt played a crucial role in furthering abolitionist causes across the British Empire, as seen in the passage of the Slavery Abolition Act in August of the following year.

Adolphe Duperly, The Destruction of Roehampton Estate. 1832 Adolphe Duperly, The Destruction of Roehampton Estate. 1832