Cornwall

Cornwall, a county located in South West England, is an area famous for its abundance of rare metals and natural resources held underground. As a result it became a prime location for large industrial entities to take root and establish numerous mining operations during the early 1840’s . Unfortunately, like many mining operations throughout the country Cornish mines were infamous for their poor working conditions and exploitation of child labour. This location is of particular importance because it is one of the known mining locations visited by author Charles Dickens. Dickens was so outraged by the working conditions in these mines that he wrote a letter to The Morning Chronicle, a popular newspaper outlet at the time, demanding reform on behalf of the workers. Ultimately legislation was passed banning the employment of children under the age of ten underground and Dickens is now credited as being a staunch advocate of workers rights in the industrial era.

Parent Map

Victorian Illustrated Books Map

Coordinates

Latitude: 50.266047100000
Longitude: -5.052712500000

Timeline of Events Associated with Cornwall

Date Event Manage
May 1842

The Employment and Conditions of Children in Mines and Manufactories. Published.

“The Employment and Conditions of Children in Mines and Manufactories” was a document published following a three year investigation into the horrific and morally questionable conditions surrounding children forced to work in coal mines around Britain. This document contained reports of children, male and female, as young as four years old being sent to work. The commission itself was established by Anthony Ashley Cooper, the 7th earl of Shaftesbury and the report was compiled by Richard Henry Horne, a close friend of author Charles Dickens. This report was the first to shine a light on the mistreatment and exploitation of children in the workforce and was the first time British upper-class had been exposed to such graphic images of this exploitation. Ultimately, this publication would directly lead Parliament's legislation against the employment underground of all females and of boys under ten years of age. Furthermore this report would be followed by a second report interviewing over 1500 child workers and finally culminating in the Factory Act of 1844. What made this report so effective were the series of disturbing illustrations that accompanied it. Each depicting the demeaning and dangerous tasks these children were forced to carry out in the mines. Charles Dickens himself was cited as being outraged by the report and it served as inspiration for the writing of many pieces of protest literature including his own literary classic “A Christmas Carol”.

Source

Diana Garrisi (2017) The Victorian press coverage of the 1842 report on child labour. The metamorphosis of images, Early Popular Visual Culture

“Report on Child Labour, 1842.” The British Library, The British Library, 6 Feb. 2014, www.bl.uk/collection-items/report-on-child-labour-1842.

Victorian Web. < http://www.victorianweb.org/ >. Web. 10/14/2020.

 Young girl drags coal through cramped mines. Girl Dragging Coal