Darwin Island is one of the smallest islands in the Galápagos Archipelago, named for Charles Darwin because of his signifigant scientific discoveries in the Galápagos. Charles Darwin, originally from Shrewsbury, England, voyaged to the Galápagos Islands on the H.M.S. Beagle in the year 1831, where he invesigated both the geology and zoology of the area until the year 1836. Darwin journeled his findings of fossils, diversity of the land around him and the variation of species in the area throughout the five years he was exploring South America and the surrounding area. Darwin began writing his theory in the early 1840s, but sped up his writing process when he heard of a different scientist who planned to report on some of the same topics as himself. Darwin published On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection in 1848, despite worries on how the book would be percieved by the public. 

Darwin Island was originally known as Culpepper Island, after a famous English Lord Culpepper. However, after Darwin's explorations in the area, it was renamed after him. 

Darwin's research had a great deal of impact on those who lived during the Victorian Era. During this Era, people were not used to biology concerning what was considered "human." However, Darwin's publishings sparked the Victorian imagination, and soon found its way to affecting Victorian literature and culture. 

Sources:

https://www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/darwin-and-the-theor...

https://www.galapagos.org/about_galapagos/about-galapagos/the-islands/da...