Rio de Janeiro is the second most populous city in Brazil. It was founded in 1565 by Portuguese colonizers. It is home to many universities and oil and mining companies, and it is a large center for scientific research in Brazil. Rio is particularly known for its beautiful beaches, the Christ the Redeemer statue, Sugarloaf Mountain, and Maracaña Stadium. Rio hosted the 2016 Olympic and Paralympic games as well as the 2014 FIFA World Cup.