Umbria

Umbria is a region in central Italy. Its capital city is Perugia. Until the Risorgimento (Italian Unification), it was part of the Papal States, excepting the period of French rule following Napoleon’s conquest of Italy. Related BRANCH articles: Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento."

Coordinates

Latitude: 42.967058619418
Longitude: 12.425079457462

View on the COVE Master Map

Timeline of Events Associated with Umbria

Date	Event			Manage
17 Mar 1805	Kingdom of Italy founded On 17 March 1805, the Kingdom of Italy is founded, with Napoleon Bonaparte as King. Image: The Iron Crown of Lombardy, from Cesare Cantù Grande illustrazione del Lombardo-Veneto ossia storia delle città, dei borghi, comuni, castelli, ecc. fino ai tempi moderni Milano, Corona e Caimi Editori, 1858. This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. This crowning of Napoleon as King of Italy is a result of the French conquest of Italy. Napoleon was crowned King of Italy with the iron crown of Lombardy on 26 May 1805 (crown pictured above). His full title was "Emperor of the French and King of Italy." Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Erik Simpson, "On Corinne, Or Italy" Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
26 May 1805	Napoleon made king of Italy On 26 May 1805, Napoleon crowns himself King of Italy in Milan Cathedral, with the iron crown of Lombardy. Image: The Iron Crown of Lombardy, from Cesare Cantù Grande illustrazione del Lombardo-Veneto ossia storia delle città, dei borghi, comuni, castelli, ecc. fino ai tempi moderni Milano, Corona e Caimi Editori, 1858. This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. In a flamboyant and highly theatrical gesture, Napoleon Bonaparte signifies his political and military dominance over the Italian peninsula with a ceremony in Milan Cathedral, where he crowned himself King of Italy with the ancient, iconic iron crown of Lombardy. This crowning of Napoleon as King is a result of the French conquest of Italy. His full title was "Emperor of the French and King of Italy." Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Erik Simpson, “On Corinne, Or Italy”
Jan 1837	Mazzini's arrival in London On January 1837, Giuseppe Mazzini, exiled Italian patriot, arrived in London. Image: Photograph of Giuseppe Mazzini, 1 January 1860 (author unknown). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″ Kate Lawson, “Personal Privacy, Letter Mail, and the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″ Related Articles Alison Chapman, Alison Chapman, “On Il Risorgimento″
2 Jul 1844	Bandiera brothers executed On 23 July 1844, execution in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies of Mazzinian disciples and Italian nationalist revolutionaries Attilio and Emilio Bandiera with seven associates. Image: Print depicting the execution of the Bandiera brothers (1887), Museo Nazionale del Risorgimento, Torino. This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
1 Feb 1848	Tuscan uprising Tuscan patriotic upraising against Austrian Duke (February 1848), which led to a short-lived constitution. Image: An image of non-unified Italy (1815-1870), William Shepherd, Historical Atlas (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1911). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. To supporters of Italian independence, the short-lived uprising in Tuscany, leading to a new constitution as well as freedom of the press and of religious practice, seemed to be the first step to overthrowing foreign rulers Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
9 Feb 1849 to Jul 1849	Roman Republic The Roman Republic existed from 9 February 1849 to 3 July 1849. The Republic was established after Pope Pius IX fled to Gaeta to the protection of King Ferdinand II of Naples, following the assassination of the papal Minister of Justice. Image: Lithograph of 'Proclamazione delle Repubblica Romana', 1849 (published in 1861). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″ Erik Simpson, “On Corinne, Or Italy″
4 Jun 1859	Battle of Magenta The Battle of Magenta: On 4 June 1859, the combined armies of France and Sardinians defeat the Austrians; Austria withdraws from part of Lombardy; Napoleon III and Victor Emanuel triumphantly enter Milan. Image: Adolphe Yvon, Battle of Magenta (1863), Uniformes 68 (1982). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
24 Jun 1859	Battle of Solferino Battle of Solferino on 24 June 1859: On this date, the French defeat Austria at Solferino, forcing a full retreat of the Austrians from Lombardy in Northern Italy. Image: Luigi Norfini, Battaglia di San Martino (c. 1860s). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
12 Mar 1860	Poems before Congress On 12 March 1860, publication of Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Poems before Congress. Image: An 1871 engraving of an 1859 photograph of Elizabeth Barrett Browning (photograph by Macaire Havre, engraving by T. O. Barlow). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
Jan 1861	Social Aspects of the Italian Revolution In January 1861, publication of Theodosia Trollope's Social Aspects of the Italian Revolution, a collection of Trollope’s essays on the Tuscan uprisings of 1859-1860, originally published in the Athenaeum. Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
1 Feb 1861	Italy is united On February 1861, Vittorio Emanuele II of Piedmont is crowned king of Italy: Italy is formally united, with Turin as the capital city. Image: Vittorio Emanuele II of Savoia (c. 1840s-1850s), Museo nazionale del Risorgimento, Torino (author unknown). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
14 Jun 1866 to 2 Aug 1866	Austro-Prussian War Austro-Prussian War (also known as the Third Italian Independence War or the Seven Weeks’ War), was fought from 14 June 1866 to 23 August 1866, after which Italy gains Venice from Austria. Image: The Battle of Königgrätz, by Georg Bleibtreu. This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
19 Jul 1870 to 10 May 1871	Franco-Prussian War The Franco-Prussian War was fought from 19 July 1870 to 10 May 1871. The war ended with the defeat of Napoleon III and the unification of Germany; Italy gained the Papal States and Rome became the capital of Italy. Image: Frederick Barnard, "Discussing the War in a Paris Café" - a scene from the brief interim between the Battle of Sedan and Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War, published in The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870. This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″
2 Oct 1870	Rome annexed to Italy Plebiscite annexes Rome and Latium to the Kingdom of Italy, 2 October 1870. This event marks the final phase of the unification of Italy. Articles Alison Chapman, "On Il Risorgimento" Related Articles Marjorie Stone, “On the Post Office Espionage Scandal, 1844″