Only eight years after the second Anglo-Afghan war, Richard Kipling writes The Man Who Would be KIng, which is also located in Afghanistan. Kipling's story is not a retelling of the war, but rather what it represented. Early in the novella Carnehan remarkes that they have "deicided that India isn't big enough for such as us" (9). This attitude reflects the imperialistic attitudes of Victorian England. The British didn't need Afghanistan, but they wanted to keep Russian out and so they started a two year war over it. In their minds, and in Dan and Peachy's, the world belonged to them and nothing was "big enough" for them. The British came in with their 40,000 men and their rifles and the Afghans were run down. During the 1879 Battle of Kabul the "British and Indian casualities were 33 . . . [they] estimated that the Afghan casualties, almost all killed, were 3,000" ("Battle"). Similarly, in the book, Dan and Peachy also come with rifles to save an outnumbered tribe from...

It is interesting to note that most contemporaries associate theories of evolution with Darwin, when there were others who were talking about evolution and natural selection before him. This is especially important to point for a discussion of "In Memoriam" because Darwin's On the Origin of Species was actually published nine years after Tennyson's poem. Before Darwin's book the more prevalent texts on theories of evolution--both human and the world--were Charles Lyell's Principles of Geology and Robert Chambers Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation. Lyell's book questioned common Christian beliefs of a time of catastrophic change for the Earth, and insetad proposed that the " formation of Earth's crust took place through countless small changes occurring over vast periods of time, all according to known natural laws" ("Charles"). While many of Lyell's suggestions have now been deemed entirely wrong, we can examine the impact that this groundbreaking text would have had on...

Motivation to change comes through many means. In regards to political and social change, it comes with not only resistance but polarized opposition. There is evidence of this throughout history. Today, people arguably have more social liberties than ever before. However, people continue to fight for more freedoms as they have for centuries. In Victorian England, power between the monarchy, the prime minister, parliament, and the people was still trying to find balance. Additionally, with education and communication more widespread than ever before, larger social groups were able to organize and discuss what political rights they wanted, including more voting power.

By the end of the Napoleonic wars, famine, poor economy and a lack of suffrage in England provoked thousands of citizens towards political radicalism. In response, the Manchester Patriotic Union, who frequently advocated for Parliamentary reform, organized a protest. On august 16th, 1819 at St Peter's Field in...

In Vicotrian era Britain, people were coming to recognize the importance of science and psychology. Though England at the time was filled with deep thinkers, writers, and philosophers, only a few pioneers began to dedcate themselves to the study and observation of the sciences.George Henry Lewes was one such man who began as a philosopher who developed theorys regarding people's health, specifically, thier mental health. Throughout the early part of the Nineteenth-Century, Lewesbegan tests and studies using live animals to experiment nervous systems and refelxes. As he became busy with biological work, he kept refering back to his background in philosophy. 

In the 1840s, Lewes began to publish a series of books titled Problems of Life and Mind. In his books, he became one of the first scientists to make a connection that broke ground for future psychology. His theory was called Scientific Psychology: an idea which is founded on the combination...