Van Diemen's Land was the colonial name used by the British for Tasmania, a self-governed island currently part of Australia. In the 19th century, Tasmania was colonized by the British and used for penal colonies. Britain stopped transporting to Van Diemen's Land in 1853.

In London Labour and the London Poor edition: 

Phase 1

Statement of a Returned Convict. (Volume 3): "There was nine boys of us among the lot that I joined, but we didn’t all work together. All of ’em came to be sent to Van Dieman’s Land as transports except one, and he was sent to Sydney."