Britain's Industrial Revolution began in 1770, largely because of important apparel developments like Richard Arkwright's Water Frame (patented in 1769) and James Hargreaves' Spinning Jenny patent (1770), which mechanized yarn production, moving work from homes to factories and igniting mass production. Iron innovations, improved roads (Turnpikes), and the growth of finance all contributed to Britain's rise to global industrial dominance between roughly 1760 and 1850.
