Darwin | COVE

Darwin

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Timeline

Table of Events

Date	Event	Created by
187	Christopher Dresser, Principles of Decorative Design Christopher Dresser publishes Principles of Decorative Design. Articles ">Irena Yamboliev, “Christopher Dresser, Physiological Ornamentist” Related Articles ">Morna O’Neill, “On Walter Crane and the Aims of Decorative Art” ">Wendy S. Williams, "‘Free-and-Easy,’ ‘Japaneasy’: British Perceptions and the 1885 Japanese Village" ">Siobhan Carroll, "On Erasmus Darwin’s The Botanic Garden, 1791-1792" ">Shannon Draucker, “Hearing, Sensing, Feeling Sound: On Music and Physiology in Victorian England, 1857-1894”	David Rettenmaier
Jun 1792	Botanic Garden In June 1792, Erasmus Darwin published the complete version of The Botanic Garden, a popular scientific nature poem. The poem anticipates ecocritical discussions of human environmental agency in its proposal that Europeans combat climate change through geoengineering. Image: Frontispiece to Erasmus Darwin's The Botanic Garden, designed by Henry Fuseli. This image is in the public domain in the United States as its copyright has expired. Articles Siobhan Carroll, “On Erasmus Darwin’s The Botanic Garden, 1791-1792″	David Rettenmaier
1 Jan 1830	Principles of Geology January 1830 saw the publication of the first volume (of three) of Charles Lyell’s Principles of Geology (January 1830). Image: G. J. Stodart (engraver), Portrait of Charles Lyell (unknown date). Lyell’s work, though contested, establishes the preeminence of Uniformitarian principles in the interpretation of Geological phenomena, and allows vast temporal scope for Charles Darwin’s subsequent model of evolutionary development. Articles Martin Meisel, "On the Age of the Universe" Related Articles Nancy Armstrong, “On Charles Darwin’s The Descent of Man, 24 February 1871″ Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″	David Rettenmaier
Oct 1831 to Oct 1836	Darwin's voyage on the Beagle From October 1831 to October 1836, Charles Darwin circumnavigated the world as ship’s naturalist on board the H.M.S. Beagle; he later published his first book based on the journal of his experiences and observations during the voyage. Image: Henry Maull and John Fox, Photograph of Charles Darwin (c. 1854). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Nancy Armstrong, “On Charles Darwin’s The Descent of Man, 24 February 1871″ Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″ Related Articles Daniel Bivona, “On W. K. Clifford and ‘The Ethics of Belief,’ 11 April 1876″	David Rettenmaier
Oct 1844	Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation Written by Edinburgh publisher Robert Chambers but published anonymously in October 1844, Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation provided a grand cosmic narrative of evolutionary change and became an immediate sensation. Its condemnation by leaders of both science and the church contributed to Charles Darwin’s delay in publishing his own evolutionary theory but also helped spread acceptance of what was then called “the transmutation of species” and “the development hypothesis.” Image: Robert Chambers, c. 1863. Reproduced from John van Wyhe, The History of Phrenology on the Web. This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Jonathan Smith, “The Huxley-Wilberforce ‘Debate’ on Evolution, 30 June 1860″ Related Articles Nancy Armstrong, “On Charles Darwin’s The Descent of Man, 24 February 1871″ Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Martin Meisel, "On the Age of the Universe" Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″ Daniel Bivona, “On W. K. Clifford and ‘The Ethics of Belief,’ 11 April 1876″	David Rettenmaier
Jan 1857 to Dec 1858	Christopher Dresser, “Botany as Adapted to the Arts and Art-Manufacture” Christopher Dresser publishes “Botany as Adapted to the Arts and Art-Manufacture” in The Art Journal as an eleven-part essay. Image: Christopher Dresser, nature’s diaper patterns, from “Botany as Adapted to the Arts and Art-Manufacture” (1857-1858). Public domain. Articles ">Irena Yamboliev, “Christopher Dresser, Physiological Ornamentist” Related Articles ">Wendy S. Williams, "‘Free-and-Easy,’ ‘Japaneasy’: British Perceptions and the 1885 Japanese Village" ">Siobhan Carroll, "On Erasmus Darwin’s The Botanic Garden, 1791-1792" ">Shannon Draucker, “Hearing, Sensing, Feeling Sound: On Music and Physiology in Victorian England, 1857-1894”	David Rettenmaier
24 Nov 1859	On the Origin of Species On 24 November 1859, Charles Darwin publishes his On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. Image: Henry Maull and John Fox, Photograph of Charles Darwin (c. 1854). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Nancy Armstrong, “On Charles Darwin’s The Descent of Man, 24 February 1871″ Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Martin Meisel, "On the Age of the Universe" Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″ Related Articles Daniel Bivona, “On W. K. Clifford and ‘The Ethics of Belief,’ 11 April 1876″	David Rettenmaier
24 Nov 1859 to 24 Nov 1859	On the Origin of Species Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species: Or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. Image. "Charles Darwin, on the Origin of Species. London: John Murray, 1859. Articles Nathan K. Hensley and John Patrick James, “Sooth Moth: Biston Betularia and the Victorian End of Nature.	David Rettenmaier
1860	Essays and Reviews The publication in March 1860 of the seven articles by liberal Anglicans comprising Essays and Reviews set off a firestorm of controversy within the Church of England and across British society. The “seven against Christ,” as they were called by their critics, embraced a Christianity in step with the new historical scholarship of the Bible and with modern science. Articles Jonathan Smith, “The Huxley-Wilberforce ‘Debate’ on Evolution, 30 June 1860″ Related Articles Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Martin Meisel, "On the Age of the Universe" Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″ Daniel Bivona, “On W. K. Clifford and ‘The Ethics of Belief,’ 11 April 1876″	David Rettenmaier
30 Jun 1860	Huxley-Wilberforce “Debate” on Evolution At the annual meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in Oxford on 30 June 1860, Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection was informally debated by a number of speakers, most memorably in an exchange between Darwin’s friend and supporter T. H. Huxley and Samuel Wilberforce, the Bishop of Oxford. Image: Thomas Henry Huxley as photographed by Ernest Edwards for Photographs of Eminent Medical Men, ed. William Tindal Robertson, vol. 2 (London: Churchill, 1868), between 4 and 5. Images from the History of Medicine, National Library of Medicine. This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Articles Jonathan Smith, “The Huxley-Wilberforce ‘Debate’ on Evolution, 30 June 1860″ Related Articles Nancy Armstrong, “On Charles Darwin’s The Descent of Man, 24 February 1871″ Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Martin Meisel, "On the Age of the Universe" Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″ Daniel Bivona, “On W. K. Clifford and ‘The Ethics of Belief,’ 11 April 1876″	David Rettenmaier
1862	Christopher Dresser, The Art of Decorative Design Expanding on his studies of botany and ornament, the designer Christopher Dresser publishes The Art of Decorative Design, in which he argues that ornamentists should look to the laws that orchestrate plant growth and the laws that condition how the human mind reacts to form. Dresser’s “scientific” approach to design engages with the then-new empirical inquiries into aesthetic perception, the physiological or psychological aesthetics. Exact month of publication unknown. Image: Plate II from Dresser, The Art of Decorative Design (1862). Courtesy of the Department of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries. Articles ">Irena Yamboliev, “Christopher Dresser, Physiological Ornamentist” Related Articles ">Morna O’Neill, “On Walter Crane and the Aims of Decorative Art” ">Wendy S. Williams, "‘Free-and-Easy,’ ‘Japaneasy’: British Perceptions and the 1885 Japanese Village" ">Siobhan Carroll, "On Erasmus Darwin’s The Botanic Garden, 1791-1792" ">Shannon Draucker, “Hearing, Sensing, Feeling Sound: On Music and Physiology in Victorian England, 1857-1894”	David Rettenmaier
24 Feb 1871	Descent of Man On 24 February 1871, Charles Darwin published his argument for the gradualist evolution of the human species from animal species in two volumes: The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. Image: Charles Darwin, photographed by Julia Margaret Cameron (1868). Reprinted in Charles Darwin: His Life Told in an Autobiographical Chapter, and in a Selected Series of His Published Letters, edited by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1892. This image is in the public domain in the United States as its copyright has expired. Articles Nancy Armstrong, “On Charles Darwin’s The Descent of Man, 24 February 1871″ Related Articles Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″	David Rettenmaier
11 Apr 1876	"Ethics of Belief" On 11 April 1876, W. K. Clifford delivered his paper “The Ethics of Belief” to the monthly meeting of the Metaphysical Society in London. Image: Picture of William Kingdon Clifford, 1901. This image is in the public domain in the United States as its copyright has expired. Articles Daniel Bivona, “On W. K. Clifford and ‘The Ethics of Belief,’ 11 April 1876″ Related Articles Nancy Armstrong, “On Charles Darwin’s The Descent of Man, 24 February 1871″ Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Bernard Lightman, “On Tyndall’s Belfast Address, 1874″ Martin Meisel, “On the Age of the Universe” Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″	David Rettenmaier
10 Oct 1881	Darwin, The Formation of Vegetable Mould, through the Action of Worms On 10 October 1881, Charles Darwin published his final book, The Formation of Vegetable Mould, through the Action of Worms, with Observations on their Habits, based on extensive study of the behavior of worms and the effects that they have on the earth’s surface. Worms begins with the individual physiology and behavior of worms before moving to the cumulative effects of their work on the exterior world. Two long chapters on their senses and habits are followed by four chapters cataloguing the results of their labor, including bringing up earth, burying buildings, enriching the soil, and denuding the land. Image: “Man is But a Worm,” Punch, 6 December 1881. This image is in the public domain in the United States as its copyright has expired. Articles Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Related Articles Nancy Armstrong, “On Charles Darwin’s The Descent of Man, 24 February 1871″ Daniel Bivona, “On W. K. Clifford and ‘The Ethics of Belief,’ 11 April 1876″ Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Martin Meisel, "On the Age of the Universe" Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″	David Rettenmaier
19 Apr 1882	Death of Charles Darwin Death of Charles Darwin on 19 April 1882. Darwin’s friends and supporters arrange for his burial in Westminster Abbey as a mark of the importance and respectability of his life and ideas. Image: Henry Maull and John Fox, Photograph of Charles Darwin (c. 1854). This image is in the public domain in the United States because its copyright has expired. Related Articles Nancy Armstrong, “On Charles Darwin’s The Descent of Man, 24 February 1871″ Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle” Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881” Martin Meisel, "On the Age of the Universe" Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″ Jonathan Smith, “The Huxley-Wilberforce ‘Debate’ on Evolution, 30 June 1860″ Daniel Bivona, “On W. K. Clifford and ‘The Ethics of Belief,’ 11 April 1876″	David Rettenmaier