The publication in March 1860 of the seven articles by liberal Anglicans comprising Essays and Reviews set off a firestorm of controversy within the Church of England and across British society. The “seven against Christ,” as they were called by their critics, embraced a Christianity in step with the new historical scholarship of the Bible and with modern science.

Articles

Jonathan Smith, “The Huxley-Wilberforce ‘Debate’ on Evolution, 30 June 1860″

Related Articles

Ian Duncan, “On Charles Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle”

Anna Henchman, “Charles Darwin’s Final Book on Earthworms, 1881”

Martin Meisel, "On the Age of the Universe"

Cannon Schmitt, “On the Publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 1859″

Daniel Bivona, “On W. K. Clifford and ‘The Ethics of Belief,’ 11 April 1876″