Appearance in Frankenstein: Ingolstadt is introduced in Chapter 2, Volume 1, when Victor explains: "When I had attained the age of seventeen my parents resolved that I should become a student at the university of Ingolstadt." The city becomes the site of Victor's education and, crucially, where he conducts his experiments and creates the creature. It represents Victor's departure from Geneva and his family's moral oversight.
Historical Context: Ingolstadt was a real Bavarian city whose university was founded in 1472. By Shelley's time, the university had actually been moved to Landshut in 1800, though it retained its historical reputation. For British readers in the 1810s-1830s, Ingolstadt carried several significant associations:
Conservative Catholic learning - As a Bavarian Catholic institution, it...
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British Literature II: Revolution, Reaction, Reform examines British literature from the late eighteenth century to the present, a period that witnessed the American and French Revolutions, slave revolts such as the Haitian Revolution, a “revolution in female manners,” the Industrial Revolution, the twentieth-century revolutionary wave in Europe, as well as World War I and World War II, and, of course, artistic revolutions. We will consider how the authors and literary works of this period might be reacting to change, advocating for reform, or participating in literary revolutions—whether revolution is understood in the sense of “revolving” or of “revolting,” going full circle to return to a previous (more perfect?) time or experiencing/effecting a great alteration or rupture.